Nube here

There is a version of Linuxcnc that can do that, user by the name DaBit was playing with it and it did work, but i am not aware of where to find it, he also has a youtube channel with the same name.
The other option would be to ditch the arduino nano and wire the stepper drives to a parallel port, a bit more wiring but simpler to do.

You would need to replace your existing controller (probably GRBL running in the Arduino) with LinuxCNC.

To be honest, you probably wouldn't gain anything. LinuxCNC might even be worse for rastering than the existing controller.